Thunder, sirens and how fast sound travels, sentence 2

Sound moves much faster through solid things like steel or a tight string than through air, because their tightly packed bits pass the wobble on quickly.

Who acts: Sound, packed bits · What happens: move, pass on · To what, where: solid things, wobble

This is a sentence of the lesson «Thunder, sirens and how fast sound travels» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sound, packed bits), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 moves	nsubj
2	moves	move	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	much	much	ADV	_	4 faster	advmod
4	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	2 moves	advmod
5	through	through	ADP	_	7 things	case
6	solid	solid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 things	amod
7	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 moves	obl
8	like	like	ADP	_	9 steel	case
9	steel	steel	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 things	nmod
10	or	or	CCONJ	_	13 string	cc
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 string	det
12	tight	tight	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 string	amod
13	string	string	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 steel	conj
14	than	than	ADP	_	16 air	case
15	through	through	ADP	_	16 air	case
16	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 moves	obl
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 pass	punct
18	because	because	SCONJ	_	23 pass	mark
19	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	22 bits	nmod:poss
20	tightly	tightly	ADV	_	21 packed	advmod
21	packed	packed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 bits	amod
22	bits	bit	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 pass	nsubj
23	pass	pass	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 moves	advcl
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 wobble	det
25	wobble	wobble	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 pass	obj
26	on	on	ADP	_	23 pass	compound:prt
27	quickly	quickly	ADV	_	23 pass	advmod
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 moves	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	move	present	Sound			solid things like steel or a tight string		than air; fast property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme through thing=Trajectory
2	pass on	present	steel's packed bits	the wobble				quickly property	vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wobble=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:018-thunder-sirens-and-how-fast-sound-travels.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/18-thunder-sirens-and-how-fast-sound-travels/2/