Bangs and loud sounds: firecrackers and ears, sentence 15
Noise-cancelling headphones listen to the noise and play the opposite wave, so the push and the pull cancel out; they work best on steady droning noise (a low, steady hum, like a train or a plane engine).
Who acts: cancelling headphones, push, headphones · What happens: cancel, listen, play, cancel out, work, drone · To what, where: opposite wave
This is a sentence of the lesson «Bangs and loud sounds: firecrackers and ears» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cancelling headphones, push, headphones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 cancelling | compound |
| 2 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 1 Noise | punct |
| 3 | cancelling | cancel | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 headphones | amod |
| 4 | headphones | headphone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 listen | nsubj |
| 5 | listen | listen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 noise | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 noise | det |
| 8 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 listen | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 play | cc |
| 10 | play | play | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 listen | conj |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 wave | det |
| 12 | opposite | opposite | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 wave | amod |
| 13 | wave | wave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 play | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 cancel | punct |
| 15 | so | so | ADV | _ | 21 cancel | advmod |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 push | det |
| 17 | push | push | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 cancel | nsubj |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 pull | cc |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 pull | det |
| 20 | pull | pull | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 push | conj |
| 21 | cancel | cancel | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 listen | parataxis |
| 22 | out | out | ADP | _ | 21 cancel | compound:prt |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 work | punct |
| 24 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 work | nsubj |
| 25 | work | work | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 listen | parataxis |
| 26 | best | well | ADV | Degree=Sup | 25 work | advmod |
| 27 | on | on | ADP | _ | 30 noise | case |
| 28 | steady | steady | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 noise | amod |
| 29 | droning | drone | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 30 noise | compound |
| 30 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 work | obl |
| 31 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 36 hum | punct |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 hum | det |
| 33 | low | low | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 hum | amod |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 low | punct |
| 35 | steady | steady | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 hum | amod |
| 36 | hum | hum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 noise | appos |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 train | punct |
| 38 | like | like | ADP | _ | 40 train | case |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 train | det |
| 40 | train | train | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 hum | nmod |
| 41 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 44 engine | cc |
| 42 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 44 engine | det |
| 43 | plane | plane | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 engine | compound |
| 44 | engine | engine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 train | conj |
| 45 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 36 hum | punct |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 listen | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cancel | gerund | tree rules | ||||||
| 2 | listen | present | cancelling headphones | to the noise | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to noise=Theme | ||||
| 3 | play | present | cancelling headphones not said here | the opposite wave | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wave=Theme | ||||
| 4 | cancel out | infinitive | the push and the pull | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | work | present | headphones = headphone | on steady droning noise; well property | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on noise=Theme | ||||
| 6 | drone | gerund | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:019-bangs-and-loud-sounds-firecrackers-and-ears.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/19-bangs-and-loud-sounds-firecrackers-and-ears/15/