Bangs and loud sounds: firecrackers and ears, sentence 2

Close up, that slam is strong enough to hurt: it hits your eardrum with a sudden hard push, and in someone's hand the hot gas can break bones and burn skin, which is why only trained adults handle fireworks.

Who acts: you, slam, hot gas, trained adults · What happens: close up, be, hurt, hit, break, burn · To what, where: eardrum, bones, hand, skin, fireworks

This is a sentence of the lesson «Bangs and loud sounds: firecrackers and ears» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, slam, hot gas, trained adults), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Close	close	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	up	up	ADP	_	1 Close	compound:prt
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 strong	punct
4	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	5 slam	det
5	slam	slam	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 strong	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 strong	cop
7	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Close	conj
8	enough	enough	ADV	_	7 strong	advmod
9	to	to	PART	_	10 hurt	mark
10	hurt	hurt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 strong	advcl
11	:	:	PUNCT	_	13 hits	punct
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 hits	nsubj
13	hits	hit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Close	conj
14	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 eardrum	nmod:poss
15	eardrum	eardrum	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 hits	obj
16	with	with	ADP	_	20 push	case
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 push	det
18	sudden	sudden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 push	amod
19	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 push	amod
20	push	push	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 hits	obl
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 break	punct
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	31 break	cc
23	in	in	ADP	_	26 hand	case
24	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	26 hand	nmod:poss
25	's	's	PART	_	24 someone	case
26	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 break	obl
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 gas	det
28	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 gas	amod
29	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 break	nsubj
30	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	31 break	aux
31	break	break	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 hits	conj
32	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 break	obj
33	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 burn	cc
34	burn	burn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	31 break	conj
35	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 burn	obj
36	,	,	PUNCT	_	39 why	punct
37	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	39 why	nsubj
38	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	39 why	cop
39	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	43 handle	advmod
40	only	only	ADV	_	41 trained	advmod
41	trained	train	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	42 adults	amod
42	adults	adult	NOUN	Number=Plur	43 handle	nsubj
43	handle	handle	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	31 break	advcl
44	fireworks	firework	NOUN	Number=Plur	43 handle	obj
45	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Close	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	close up	imperative	you not said here				vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	is	present	that slam			enough, strong property	tree rules
3	hurt	to-infinitive	that slam not said here				vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
4	hit	present	slam	your eardrum		with a sudden hard push	vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent eardrum=Patient with push=Instrument
5	break	can	the hot gas	bones	someone's hand		vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bone=Patient
6	burn	infinitive	the hot gas not said here	skin			vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent skin=Theme
7	is	present				why property	tree rules
8	train	participle					vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
9	handle	present	trained adults	fireworks			vn hold-15.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent firework=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:019-bangs-and-loud-sounds-firecrackers-and-ears.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/19-bangs-and-loud-sounds-firecrackers-and-ears/2/