Light and shadows, sentence 9
We see a book because light from a lamp or the Sun bounces off it into our eyes.
Who acts: We, light · What happens: see, bounce off · To what, where: book, shadow, eyes
This is a sentence of the lesson «Light and shadows» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (We, light), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | We | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 see | nsubj |
| 2 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 book | det |
| 4 | book | book | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 see | obj |
| 5 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 13 bounces | mark |
| 6 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 bounces | nsubj |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 lamp | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 lamp | det |
| 9 | lamp | lamp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 light | nmod |
| 10 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 12 Sun | cc |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 Sun | det |
| 12 | Sun | Sun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 lamp | conj |
| 13 | bounces | bounce | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 see | advcl |
| 14 | off | off | ADP | _ | 15 it | case |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 bounces | obl |
| 16 | into | into | ADP | _ | 18 eyes | case |
| 17 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 18 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 bounces | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 see | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | present | We | a book | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer book=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | bounce off | present | light from a lamp or the Sun | shadow | our eyes | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent it=Theme into eye=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:020-light-and-shadows.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/20-light-and-shadows/9/