Light and shadows, sentence 8
A shadow shows the outline of the thing in the way, and moving a hand closer to the lamp makes its shadow bigger.
Who acts: shadow, moving · What happens: show, move, make, shadow · To what, where: outline, hand, shadow
This is a sentence of the lesson «Light and shadows» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shadow, moving), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 shadow | det |
| 2 | shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 shows | nsubj |
| 3 | shows | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 outline | det |
| 5 | outline | outline | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 shows | obj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 thing | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 thing | det |
| 8 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 outline | nmod |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 way | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 way | det |
| 11 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 shows | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 makes | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 makes | cc |
| 14 | moving | move | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 21 makes | csubj |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 hand | det |
| 16 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 moving | obj |
| 17 | closer | close | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 14 moving | xcomp |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 20 lamp | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 lamp | det |
| 20 | lamp | lamp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 closer | obl |
| 21 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 shows | conj |
| 22 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 shadow | nmod:poss |
| 23 | shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 makes | obj |
| 24 | bigger | big | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 21 makes | xcomp |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 shows | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show | present | a shadow | the outline of the thing | in the way | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent outline=Patient in way=Topic | |||
| 2 | move | gerund | a hand | close property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent hand=Theme | ||||
| 3 | make | present | moving | shadow's shadow | big property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset shadow=Product | |||
| 4 | shadow | shadow | nom shadow «state transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:020-light-and-shadows.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/20-light-and-shadows/8/