Light and shadows, sentence 7

Shadows are long when the Sun is low in the morning and evening and short when it is high at midday, and sundials used shadows to tell the time.

Who acts: Shadows, Sun, shadow, sundials · What happens: be, use, tell · To what, where: midday, shadows · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Light and shadows» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Shadows, Sun, shadow, sundials), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Shadows	shadow	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 long	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 long	cop
3	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	when	when	SCONJ	_	8 low	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Sun	det
6	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 low	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 low	cop
8	low	low	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 long	advcl
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 morning	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 morning	det
11	morning	morning	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 low	obl
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 evening	cc
13	evening	evening	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 morning	conj
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 short	cc
15	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 long	conj
16	when	when	SCONJ	_	19 high	mark
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 high	nsubj
18	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 high	cop
19	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 short	advcl
20	at	at	ADP	_	21 midday	case
21	midday	midday	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 high	obl
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 used	punct
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 used	cc
24	sundials	sundial	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 used	nsubj
25	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 long	conj
26	shadows	shadow	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 used	obj
27	to	to	PART	_	28 tell	mark
28	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	25 used	advcl
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 time	det
30	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 tell	obj
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 long	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Shadows				long property	tree rules
2	is	present	the Sun			morning	low property	tree rules
3	be		Shadows not said here					tree rules
4	is	present	shadow		midday		high property	tree rules
5	use	past	sundials	shadows				vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shadow=Patient
6	tell speech: assert	to-infinitive	sundials not said here			time		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:020-light-and-shadows.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/20-light-and-shadows/7/