Mirrors, rainbows and the blue sky, sentence 15

Clouds are white because their droplets are much bigger than air molecules and scatter all colours equally; thick rain clouds look grey because little light gets through.

Who acts: Clouds, droplets, thick rain clouds, little light · What happens: be, scatter, look, get through · To what, where: colours

This is a sentence of the lesson «Mirrors, rainbows and the blue sky» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Clouds, droplets, thick rain clouds, little light), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Clouds	cloud	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 white	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 white	cop
3	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	9 bigger	mark
5	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 droplets	nmod:poss
6	droplets	droplet	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 bigger	nsubj
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 bigger	cop
8	much	much	ADV	_	9 bigger	advmod
9	bigger	big	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 white	advcl
10	than	than	ADP	_	12 molecules	case
11	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 molecules	compound
12	molecules	molecule	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 bigger	obl
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 scatter	cc
14	scatter	scatter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 bigger	conj
15	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	16 colours	det
16	colours	colour	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 scatter	obj
17	equally	equally	ADV	_	14 scatter	advmod
18	;	;	PUNCT	_	22 look	punct
19	thick	thick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 clouds	amod
20	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 clouds	compound
21	clouds	cloud	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 look	nsubj
22	look	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 white	parataxis
23	grey	grey	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 look	xcomp
24	because	because	SCONJ	_	27 gets	mark
25	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 light	amod
26	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 gets	nsubj
27	gets	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 look	advcl
28	through	through	ADV	_	27 gets	advmod
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 white	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	Clouds		white property	tree rules
2	is	present	Clouds's droplets		than air molecules; big property	tree rules
3	scatter	present	Clouds's droplets not said here	all colours	equally property	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent colour=Theme
4	look	present	thick rain clouds		grey property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
5	get through	present	little light		through property	vn cope-83-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:021-mirrors-rainbows-and-the-blue-sky.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/21-mirrors-rainbows-and-the-blue-sky/15/