Heat moves: hot to cold, sentence 13
A fire and the Sun warm you with invisible heat rays that can cross air and even empty space.
Who acts: fire, invisible heat rays · What happens: warm, cross · To what, where: you, air
This is a sentence of the lesson «Heat moves: hot to cold» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fire, invisible heat rays), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 fire | det |
| 2 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 warm | nsubj |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 Sun | cc |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 Sun | det |
| 5 | Sun | Sun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 fire | conj |
| 6 | warm | warm | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 6 warm | obj |
| 8 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 rays | case |
| 9 | invisible | invisible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 rays | amod |
| 10 | heat | heat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 rays | compound |
| 11 | rays | ray | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 warm | obl |
| 12 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 cross | nsubj |
| 13 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 cross | aux |
| 14 | cross | cross | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 rays | acl:relcl |
| 15 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 cross | obj |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 space | cc |
| 17 | even | even | ADV | _ | 19 space | advmod |
| 18 | empty | empty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 space | amod |
| 19 | space | space | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 air | conj |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 warm | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | warm | present | a fire and the Sun | you | with invisible heat rays | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent you=Patient with ray=Instrument | |||
| 2 | cross | can | invisible heat rays | air and empty space | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:023-heat-moves-hot-to-cold.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/23-heat-moves-hot-to-cold/13/