Heat moves: hot to cold, sentence 12

Warm air spreads out, becomes lighter for its size and rises, while cool air sinks to take its place, so a radiator warms a whole room.

Who acts: Warm air, cool air, radiator · What happens: spread out, become, rise, sink, take, warm · To what, where: place, whole room

This is a sentence of the lesson «Heat moves: hot to cold» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Warm air, cool air, radiator), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 air	amod
2	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 spreads	nsubj
3	spreads	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	out	out	ADP	_	3 spreads	compound:prt
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 becomes	punct
6	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 spreads	conj
7	lighter	light	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 becomes	xcomp
8	for	for	ADP	_	10 size	case
9	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 size	nmod:poss
10	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 lighter	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 rises	cc
12	rises	rise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 becomes	conj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 sinks	punct
14	while	while	SCONJ	_	17 sinks	mark
15	cool	cool	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 air	amod
16	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 sinks	nsubj
17	sinks	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 spreads	advcl
18	to	to	PART	_	19 take	mark
19	take	take	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	17 sinks	advcl
20	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	21 place	nmod:poss
21	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 take	obj
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 warms	punct
23	so	so	ADV	_	26 warms	advmod
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 radiator	det
25	radiator	radiator	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 warms	nsubj
26	warms	warm	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 spreads	conj
27	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	29 room	det
28	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 room	amod
29	room	room	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 warms	obj
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 spreads	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	spread out	present	Warm air			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	become	present	Warm air not said here		light property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
3	rise	present	Warm air not said here			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	sink	present	cool air			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
5	take	to-infinitive	cool air not said here	steam's place		vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Theme
6	warm	present	a radiator	a whole room		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent room=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:023-heat-moves-hot-to-cold.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/23-heat-moves-hot-to-cold/12/