Melting, freezing and boiling, sentence 13
Bridges grow a little in summer and shrink in winter, and the gaps with metal teeth stop them cracking or buckling.
Who acts: Bridges, gaps · What happens: grow, shrink, stop, crack, buckle · To what, where: little, bridges
This is a sentence of the lesson «Melting, freezing and boiling» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bridges, gaps), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bridges | bridge | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 grow | nsubj |
| 2 | grow | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 little | det |
| 4 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 grow | obl |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 summer | case |
| 6 | summer | summer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 grow | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 shrink | cc |
| 8 | shrink | shrink | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 grow | conj |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 winter | case |
| 10 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 shrink | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 stop | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 stop | cc |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 gaps | det |
| 14 | gaps | gap | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 stop | nsubj |
| 15 | with | with | ADP | _ | 17 teeth | case |
| 16 | metal | metal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 teeth | compound |
| 17 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 gaps | nmod |
| 18 | stop | stop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 grow | conj |
| 19 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 stop | obj |
| 20 | cracking | crack | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 18 stop | xcomp |
| 21 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 22 buckling | cc |
| 22 | buckling | buckle | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 20 cracking | conj |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 grow | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | present | Bridges | a little | summer | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | shrink | present | Bridges not said here | winter | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 3 | stop | present | the gaps with metal teeth | bridges = bridge | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | crack | gerund | the gaps with metal teeth not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | buckle | gerund | the gaps with metal teeth not said here | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:024-melting-freezing-and-boiling.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/24-melting-freezing-and-boiling/13/