Keeping warm and keeping cool: insulation and sweat, sentence 7
A polar bear stays warm in the Arctic with thick fur and a layer of fat, and its skin under the pale fur is black.
Who acts: polar bear, skin · What happens: stay, be · To what, where: Arctic
This is a sentence of the lesson «Keeping warm and keeping cool: insulation and sweat» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (polar bear, skin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 bear | det |
| 2 | polar | polar | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 bear | amod |
| 3 | bear | bear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 stays | nsubj |
| 4 | stays | stay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | warm | warm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 stays | xcomp |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 Arctic | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Arctic | det |
| 8 | Arctic | Arctic | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 stays | obl |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 fur | case |
| 10 | thick | thick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 fur | amod |
| 11 | fur | fur | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 stays | obl |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 layer | cc |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 layer | det |
| 14 | layer | layer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 fur | conj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 fat | case |
| 16 | fat | fat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 layer | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 black | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 black | cc |
| 19 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 skin | nmod:poss |
| 20 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 black | nsubj |
| 21 | under | under | ADP | _ | 24 fur | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 fur | det |
| 23 | pale | pale | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 fur | amod |
| 24 | fur | fur | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 skin | nmod |
| 25 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 black | cop |
| 26 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 stays | conj |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 stays | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stay | present | a polar bear | the Arctic | with thick fur and a layer of fat; warm property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in arctic=Location | |||
| 2 | is | present | bear's skin under the pale fur | black property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:025-keeping-warm-and-keeping-cool.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/25-keeping-warm-and-keeping-cool/7/