Static electricity: balloons, hair and sparks, sentence 1
Rub a balloon on your hair and electrons move from your hair to the balloon; opposite charges pull, so your hair reaches for the balloon, while hairs with the same charge push each other apart and stand on end.
Who acts: you, electrons, opposite charges, hair, hairs · What happens: rub, move, pull, reach, push, stand · To what, where: balloon, hair, each, end
This is a sentence of the lesson «Static electricity: balloons, hair and sparks» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, electrons, opposite charges, hair), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rub | rub | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 balloon | det |
| 3 | balloon | balloon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Rub | obj |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 6 hair | case |
| 5 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 hair | nmod:poss |
| 6 | hair | hair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Rub | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 move | cc |
| 8 | electrons | electron | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 move | nsubj |
| 9 | move | move | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Rub | conj |
| 10 | from | from | ADP | _ | 12 hair | case |
| 11 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 hair | nmod:poss |
| 12 | hair | hair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 move | obl |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 balloon | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 balloon | det |
| 15 | balloon | balloon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 move | obl |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 pull | punct |
| 17 | opposite | opposite | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 charges | amod |
| 18 | charges | charge | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 pull | nsubj |
| 19 | pull | pull | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 move | parataxis |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 reaches | punct |
| 21 | so | so | ADV | _ | 24 reaches | advmod |
| 22 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 hair | nmod:poss |
| 23 | hair | hair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 reaches | nsubj |
| 24 | reaches | reach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 move | parataxis |
| 25 | for | for | ADP | _ | 27 balloon | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 balloon | det |
| 27 | balloon | balloon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 reaches | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 hairs | punct |
| 29 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 35 push | mark |
| 30 | hairs | hair | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 push | nsubj |
| 31 | with | with | ADP | _ | 34 charge | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 charge | det |
| 33 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 charge | amod |
| 34 | charge | charge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 hairs | nmod |
| 35 | push | push | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 reaches | advcl |
| 36 | each | each | DET | ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp | 35 push | obj |
| 37 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 each | fixed |
| 38 | apart | apart | ADV | _ | 35 push | advmod |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 stand | cc |
| 40 | stand | stand | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 35 push | conj |
| 41 | on | on | ADP | _ | 42 end | case |
| 42 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 stand | obl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Rub | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rub | imperative | you not said here | a balloon | your hair | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent balloon=Theme on hair=Destination | |||
| 2 | move | present | electrons | your hair | to the balloon | vn slide-11.2 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from hair=Initial_Location to balloon=Destination | |||
| 3 | pull | present | opposite charges | vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | reach | present | your hair | for the balloon | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | push | present | hairs with the same charge | each | apart property | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent each=Theme | |||
| 6 | stand | infinitive | hairs with the same charge not said here | on end | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on end=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:026-static-electricity-balloons-hair-and-sparks.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/26-static-electricity-balloons-hair-and-sparks/1/