Batteries, circuits and how electricity flows, sentence 13

In some strings of Christmas lights all the bulbs are in one loop, so one broken bulb stops the flow to all of them; newer strings give each bulb its own path.

Who acts: one broken bulb, newer strings · What happens: be, break, stop, give · To what, where: one loop, flow, own path, bulb

This is a sentence of the lesson «Batteries, circuits and how electricity flows» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one broken bulb, newer strings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 strings	case
2	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	3 strings	det
3	strings	string	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 loop	obl
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 lights	case
5	Christmas	Christmas	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 lights	compound
6	lights	light	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 strings	nmod
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	9 bulbs	det:predet
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 bulbs	det
9	bulbs	bulb	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 lights	conj
10	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 loop	cop
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 loop	case
12	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	13 loop	nummod
13	loop	loop	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 stops	punct
15	so	so	ADV	_	19 stops	advmod
16	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	18 bulb	nummod
17	broken	break	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	18 bulb	amod
18	bulb	bulb	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 stops	nsubj
19	stops	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 loop	parataxis
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 flow	det
21	flow	flow	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 stops	obj
22	to	to	ADP	_	23 all	case
23	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	19 stops	obl
24	of	of	ADP	_	25 them	case
25	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 all	nmod
26	;	;	PUNCT	_	29 give	punct
27	newer	new	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	28 strings	amod
28	strings	string	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 give	nsubj
29	give	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 loop	parataxis
30	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	31 bulb	det
31	bulb	bulb	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 give	iobj
32	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	34 path	nmod:poss
33	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 path	amod
34	path	path	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 give	obj
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 loop	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	present				one loop	in some strings of Christmas lights and all bulbs	tree rules
2	break	participle						vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
3	stop	present	one broken bulb	the flow			to all	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality flow=Eventuality
4	give	present	newer strings	bulb's own path	each bulb			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent bulb=Recipient path=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:027-batteries-circuits-and-how-electricity-flows.lesson:13.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/27-batteries-circuits-and-how-electricity-flows/13/