Batteries, circuits and how electricity flows, sentence 6

A battery stores energy in chemicals and pushes electricity round the circuit until the chemicals are used up; a charger can push the chemicals of a rechargeable battery back.

Who acts: battery, charger · What happens: store, push, use up · To what, where: energy, chemicals, electricity, circuit

This is a sentence of the lesson «Batteries, circuits and how electricity flows» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (battery, charger), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 battery	det
2	battery	battery	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stores	nsubj
3	stores	store	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stores	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 chemicals	case
6	chemicals	chemical	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 stores	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 pushes	cc
8	pushes	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 stores	conj
9	electricity	electricity	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 pushes	obj
10	round	round	ADP	_	12 circuit	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 circuit	det
12	circuit	circuit	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 pushes	obl
13	until	until	SCONJ	_	17 used	mark
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 chemicals	det
15	chemicals	chemical	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 used	nsubj:pass
16	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 used	aux:pass
17	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 pushes	advcl
18	up	up	ADP	_	17 used	compound:prt
19	;	;	PUNCT	_	3 stores	punct
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 charger	det
21	charger	charger	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 push	nsubj
22	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	23 push	aux
23	push	push	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 stores	parataxis
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 chemicals	det
25	chemicals	chemical	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 push	obj
26	of	of	ADP	_	29 battery	case
27	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	29 battery	det
28	rechargeable	rechargeable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 battery	amod
29	battery	battery	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 chemicals	nmod
30	back	back	ADV	_	23 push	advmod
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 stores	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	store	present	a battery	energy	chemicals	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent energy=Theme in chemical=Location
2	push	present	a battery not said here	electricity	the circuit	vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent electricity=Theme round circuit=Trajectory
3	use up	present · passive		the chemicals		vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
4	push	can	a charger	the chemicals of a rechargeable battery		vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chemical=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:027-batteries-circuits-and-how-electricity-flows.lesson:6.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/27-batteries-circuits-and-how-electricity-flows/6/