Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely, sentence 4
That is why bike helmets have squashy foam, gymnasts land on mats and cars have airbags.
Who acts: That, bike helmets, gymnasts, cars · What happens: be, have, land · To what, where: squashy foam, mats, airbags
This is a sentence of the lesson «Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (That, bike helmets, gymnasts, cars), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | That | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 why | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 why | cop |
| 3 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 6 have | advmod |
| 4 | bike | bike | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 helmets | compound |
| 5 | helmets | helmet | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 have | nsubj |
| 6 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 have | advcl |
| 7 | squashy | squashy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 foam | amod |
| 8 | foam | foam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 have | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 land | punct |
| 10 | gymnasts | gymnast | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 land | nsubj |
| 11 | land | land | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 have | conj |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 13 mats | case |
| 13 | mats | mat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 land | obl |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 cars | cc |
| 15 | cars | car | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 have | nsubj |
| 16 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 17 | airbags | airbag | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 have | obj |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 why | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | That | why property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | have | present | bike helmets | squashy foam | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foam=Patient | ||||
| 3 | land | present | gymnasts | mats | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme on mat=Destination | ||||
| 4 | have | present | cars | airbags | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent airbag=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:003-parachutes-and-falling-safely.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/3-parachutes-and-falling-safely/4/