Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely, sentence 5

A parachute's big cloth catches lots of air, and the push of the air grows with the area and the speed until it balances the skydiver's weight.

Who acts: big cloth, push, air · What happens: catch, grow, balance, push · To what, where: lots, weight

This is a sentence of the lesson «Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (big cloth, push, air), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 parachute	det
2	parachute	parachute	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 cloth	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 parachute	case
4	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 cloth	amod
5	cloth	cloth	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 catches	nsubj
6	catches	catch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	lots	lot	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 catches	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 air	case
9	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 lots	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 grows	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 grows	cc
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 push	det
13	push	push	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 grows	nsubj
14	of	of	ADP	_	16 air	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 air	det
16	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 push	nmod
17	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 catches	conj
18	with	with	ADP	_	20 area	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 area	det
20	area	area	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 grows	obl
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 speed	cc
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 speed	det
23	speed	speed	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 area	conj
24	until	until	SCONJ	_	26 balances	mark
25	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 balances	nsubj
26	balances	balance	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 grows	advcl
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 skydiver	det
28	skydiver	skydiver	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 weight	nmod:poss
29	's	's	PART	_	28 skydiver	case
30	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 balances	obj
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 catches	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	catch	present	a parachute's big cloth	lots of air		vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Theme
2	grow	present	the push of the air		with the area and the speed	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	balance	present	push	the skydiver's weight		vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location weight=Theme
4	push		the air			nom push «act intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:003-parachutes-and-falling-safely.lesson:5.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/3-parachutes-and-falling-safely/5/