Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely, sentence 6

Without a parachute a skydiver falls at about 200 kilometres an hour; with it open, the landing is about as hard as jumping off a low wall.

Who acts: skydiver, landing · What happens: fall, be, jump off · To what, where: 200 kilometres, low wall

This is a sentence of the lesson «Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (skydiver, landing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Without	without	ADP	_	3 parachute	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 parachute	det
3	parachute	parachute	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 falls	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 skydiver	det
5	skydiver	skydiver	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 falls	nsubj
6	falls	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	at	at	ADP	_	10 kilometres	case
8	about	about	ADV	_	9 200	advmod
9	200	200	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	10 kilometres	nummod
10	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 falls	obl
11	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 hour	det
12	hour	hour	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 falls	obj
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 open	punct
14	with	with	SCONJ	_	16 open	mark
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 open	nsubj
16	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 falls	conj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 hard	punct
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 landing	det
19	landing	landing	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 hard	nsubj
20	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 hard	cop
21	about	about	ADV	_	23 hard	advmod
22	as	as	ADV	_	23 hard	advmod
23	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 falls	parataxis
24	as	as	SCONJ	_	25 jumping	mark
25	jumping	jump	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	23 hard	advcl
26	off	off	ADP	_	29 wall	case
27	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	29 wall	det
28	low	low	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 wall	amod
29	wall	wall	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 jumping	obl
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 falls	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	present	a skydiver		200 kilometres	hour	without a parachute	vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at kilometre=Location
2	is	present	the landing				about, hard property	tree rules
3	jump off	gerund	the landing not said here	a low wall				vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme wall=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:003-parachutes-and-falling-safely.lesson:6.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/3-parachutes-and-falling-safely/6/