Fuels, the Sun and saving energy, sentence 11
A bike dynamo spins a magnet in a coil and turns the movement of the wheel into electricity for the lamp; the faster the wheel spins, the more it makes.
Who acts: bike dynamo, wheel · What happens: spin, turn, make, move · To what, where: magnet, coil, movement, electricity, wheel
This is a sentence of the lesson «Fuels, the Sun and saving energy» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bike dynamo, wheel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 dynamo | det |
| 2 | bike | bike | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 dynamo | compound |
| 3 | dynamo | dynamo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 spins | nsubj |
| 4 | spins | spin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 magnet | det |
| 6 | magnet | magnet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 spins | obj |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 coil | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 coil | det |
| 9 | coil | coil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 spins | obl |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 turns | cc |
| 11 | turns | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 spins | conj |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 movement | det |
| 13 | movement | movement | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 turns | obj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 wheel | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 wheel | det |
| 16 | wheel | wheel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 movement | nmod |
| 17 | into | into | ADP | _ | 18 electricity | case |
| 18 | electricity | electricity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 turns | obl |
| 19 | for | for | ADP | _ | 21 lamp | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 lamp | det |
| 21 | lamp | lamp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 electricity | nmod |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 faster | punct |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 faster | det |
| 24 | faster | fast | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 4 spins | advcl |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 wheel | det |
| 26 | wheel | wheel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 spins | nsubj |
| 27 | spins | spin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 faster | advcl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 makes | punct |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 more | det |
| 30 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 32 makes | advmod |
| 31 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 makes | nsubj |
| 32 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 faster | conj |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 spins | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | spin | present | a bike dynamo | a magnet | a coil | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent magnet=Theme | |||
| 2 | turn | present | a bike dynamo not said here | the movement of the wheel | electricity for the lamp | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent movement=Theme into electricity=Trajectory | |||
| 3 | spin | present | the wheel | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | make | present | wheel | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material | |||||
| 5 | move | the wheel | nom movement «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:032-fuels-the-sun-and-saving-energy.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/32-fuels-the-sun-and-saving-energy/11/