Alice's fall and her sizes: falling, the centre of the Earth, giants and tiny people, sentence 8
With no air in the way, a heavy thing and a light thing fall at the same speed; an astronaut showed this on the Moon in 1971 by dropping a hammer and a feather, which landed together.
Who acts: heavy thing, astronaut, hammer · What happens: fall, show, drop, land · To what, where: same speed, this, Moon, hammer
This is a sentence of the lesson «Alice's fall and her sizes: falling, the centre of the Earth, giants and tiny people» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heavy thing, astronaut, hammer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | With | with | ADP | _ | 3 air | case |
| 2 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 3 air | det |
| 3 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 fall | obl |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 way | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 way | det |
| 6 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 air | nmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 thing | punct |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 thing | det |
| 9 | heavy | heavy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 thing | amod |
| 10 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 fall | nsubj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 thing | cc |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 thing | det |
| 13 | light | light | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 thing | amod |
| 14 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 thing | conj |
| 15 | fall | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 16 | at | at | ADP | _ | 19 speed | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 speed | det |
| 18 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 speed | amod |
| 19 | speed | speed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 fall | obl |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 showed | punct |
| 21 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 astronaut | det |
| 22 | astronaut | astronaut | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 showed | nsubj |
| 23 | showed | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 fall | parataxis |
| 24 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 23 showed | obj |
| 25 | on | on | ADP | _ | 27 Moon | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 Moon | det |
| 27 | Moon | Moon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 showed | obl |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 1971 | case |
| 29 | 1971 | 1971 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 23 showed | obl |
| 30 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 31 dropping | mark |
| 31 | dropping | drop | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 23 showed | advcl |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 hammer | det |
| 33 | hammer | hammer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 dropping | obj |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 feather | cc |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 feather | det |
| 36 | feather | feather | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 hammer | conj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 landed | punct |
| 38 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 39 landed | nsubj |
| 39 | landed | land | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 hammer | acl:relcl |
| 40 | together | together | ADV | _ | 39 landed | advmod |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 fall | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fall | present | a heavy thing and a light thing | the same speed | with no air in the way | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at speed=Location | |||
| 2 | show | past | a astronaut | this | the Moon | in 1971 | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent this=Patient in 1971=Topic | ||
| 3 | drop | gerund | a astronaut not said here | a hammer and a feather | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hammer=Theme | ||||
| 4 | land | past | a hammer and a feather | together property | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:041-alice-s-fall-and-sizes-falling-the-centre-of-the-earth-giants-and-tiny-people.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/41-alice-s-fall-and-sizes-falling-the-centre-of-the-earth-giants-and-tiny-people/8/