Olympiad: forces, floating and machines ★★★, sentence 2
Some puzzles hide a trap in the words: "Which is heavier, a kilogram of feathers or a kilogram of stones?" Neither, both weigh a kilogram, though the feathers fill far more room.
Who acts: puzzles, both, feathers · What happens: hide, be, weigh, fill · To what, where: trap, words, kilogram, more room · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: forces, floating and machines ★★★» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (puzzles, both, feathers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 2 puzzles | det |
| 2 | puzzles | puzzle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 hide | nsubj |
| 3 | hide | hide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 trap | det |
| 5 | trap | trap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 hide | obj |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 words | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 words | det |
| 8 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 hide | obl |
| 9 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 heavier | punct |
| 10 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 heavier | punct |
| 11 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 heavier | nsubj |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 heavier | cop |
| 13 | heavier | heavy | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 3 hide | parataxis |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 kilogram | punct |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 kilogram | det |
| 16 | kilogram | kilogram | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 heavier | obl |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 feathers | case |
| 18 | feathers | feather | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 kilogram | nmod |
| 19 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 21 kilogram | cc |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 kilogram | det |
| 21 | kilogram | kilogram | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 kilogram | conj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 stones | case |
| 23 | stones | stone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 kilogram | nmod |
| 24 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 21 kilogram | punct |
| 25 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 21 kilogram | punct |
| 26 | Neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 29 weigh | discourse |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 Neither | punct |
| 28 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 29 weigh | nsubj |
| 29 | weigh | weigh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 hide | parataxis |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 kilogram | det |
| 31 | kilogram | kilogram | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 weigh | obj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 fill | punct |
| 33 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 36 fill | mark |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 feathers | det |
| 35 | feathers | feather | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 fill | nsubj |
| 36 | fill | fill | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 weigh | advcl |
| 37 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 38 more | advmod |
| 38 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 39 room | amod |
| 39 | room | room | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 fill | obj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 hide | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hide | present | some puzzles | a trap | the words | tree rules | |||
| 2 | is in a quote | present | a kilogram of feathers or a kilogram of stones obl; heavy property | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | weigh | present | both | a kilogram | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme kilogram=Value | ||||
| 4 | fill | present | the feathers | more room | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent room=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:042-olympiad-forces-floating-and-machines.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/42-olympiad-forces-floating-and-machines/2/