Olympiad: sound, light, heat, electricity and magnets ★★★, sentence 3
Mirror puzzles need care: a word reads the same in a flat mirror only if it is spelt the same backwards and uses only letters that look the same flipped, such as A, H, I, M, O, T, U, V, W, X and Y.
Who acts: Mirror puzzles, word, letters · What happens: need, read, spell, use, look, flip · To what, where: care, same, flat mirror, word, letters
This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: sound, light, heat, electricity and magnets ★★★» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mirror puzzles, word, letters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mirror | mirror | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 puzzles | compound |
| 2 | puzzles | puzzle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 need | nsubj |
| 3 | need | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | care | care | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 need | obj |
| 5 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 8 reads | punct |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 word | det |
| 7 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 reads | nsubj |
| 8 | reads | read | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 need | parataxis |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 same | det |
| 10 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 reads | obj |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 mirror | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 mirror | det |
| 13 | flat | flat | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 mirror | amod |
| 14 | mirror | mirror | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 reads | obl |
| 15 | only | only | ADV | _ | 19 spelt | advmod |
| 16 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 19 spelt | mark |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 spelt | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 spelt | aux:pass |
| 19 | spelt | spell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 reads | advcl |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 same | det |
| 21 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 spelt | obj |
| 22 | backwards | backward | ADV | _ | 19 spelt | advmod |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 uses | cc |
| 24 | uses | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 spelt | conj |
| 25 | only | only | ADV | _ | 26 letters | advmod |
| 26 | letters | letter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 uses | obj |
| 27 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 look | nsubj |
| 28 | look | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 letters | acl:relcl |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 same | det |
| 30 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 look | obj |
| 31 | flipped | flip | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 look | xcomp |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 A | punct |
| 33 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 35 A | case |
| 34 | as | as | ADP | _ | 33 such | fixed |
| 35 | A | A | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 look | parataxis |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 H | punct |
| 37 | H | H | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 A | conj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 I | punct |
| 39 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 41 M | nsubj |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 M | punct |
| 41 | M | M | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 spelt | appos |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 O | punct |
| 43 | O | O | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 M | flat |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 T | punct |
| 45 | T | T | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 M | appos |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 U | punct |
| 47 | U | U | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 T | conj |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 V | punct |
| 49 | V | V | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 M | conj |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 W | punct |
| 51 | W | W | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 M | conj |
| 52 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 53 X | punct |
| 53 | X | X | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 M | conj |
| 54 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 55 Y | cc |
| 55 | Y | Y | PROPN | Number=Sing | 53 X | conj |
| 56 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 need | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | need | present | Mirror puzzles | care | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot care=Theme | ||||
| 2 | read | present | a word | the same | a flat mirror | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent same=Topic | |||
| 3 | spell a condition, not said to happen | present · passive | word | backward property | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Theme same=Manner | ||||
| 4 | use | present | letters | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Patient | |||||
| 5 | look | present | letters | the same | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | flip | participle | letters not said here | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:043-olympiad-sound-light-heat-and-magnets.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/43-olympiad-sound-light-heat-and-magnets/3/