Olympiad: speed, space and seasons ★★★, sentence 15

In a braking car you lurch forward, but a helium balloon on a string leans backwards, because the heavier air sloshes forward and pushes it back.

Who acts: you, helium balloon, heavier air · What happens: brake, lurch, lean, slosh, push back · To what, where: braking car, air

This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: speed, space and seasons ★★★» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, helium balloon, heavier air), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	4 car	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 car	det
3	braking	brake	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 car	amod
4	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 lurch	obl
5	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	6 lurch	nsubj
6	lurch	lurch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	forward	forward	ADV	_	6 lurch	advmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 leans	punct
9	but	but	CCONJ	_	16 leans	cc
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 balloon	det
11	helium	helium	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 balloon	compound
12	balloon	balloon	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 leans	nsubj
13	on	on	ADP	_	16 leans	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 string	det
15	string	string	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 balloon	nmod
16	leans	lean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 lurch	conj
17	backwards	backwards	ADV	_	16 leans	advmod
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 lurch	punct
19	because	because	SCONJ	ExtPos=ADP	23 sloshes	mark
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 air	det
21	heavier	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	22 air	amod
22	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 sloshes	nsubj
23	sloshes	slosh	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 lurch	advcl
24	forward	forward	ADV	_	23 sloshes	advmod
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 pushes	cc
26	pushes	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 sloshes	conj
27	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 pushes	obj
28	back	back	ADV	_	26 pushes	advmod
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 lurch	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	brake	gerund					tree rules
2	lurch	present	you		a braking car	forward property	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in car=Trajectory
3	lean	present	a helium balloon a string			backwards property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	slosh	present	the heavier air			forward property	vn pour-9.5 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme
5	push back	present	the heavier air not said here	air			vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:044-olympiad-speed-space-and-seasons.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/44-olympiad-speed-space-and-seasons/15/