Olympiad: speed, space and seasons ★★★, sentence 7
At twice the speed a car needs about four times the braking distance, so at half the speed it needs only about a quarter.
Who acts: car · What happens: need · To what, where: speed, quarter
This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: speed, space and seasons ★★★» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (car), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 4 speed | case |
| 2 | twice | twice | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 4 speed | advmod |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 speed | det |
| 4 | speed | speed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 needs | obl |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 car | det |
| 6 | car | car | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 needs | nsubj |
| 7 | needs | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | about | about | ADV | _ | 9 four | advmod |
| 9 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 10 times | nummod |
| 10 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 needs | obl:unmarked |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 distance | det |
| 12 | braking | braking | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 distance | compound |
| 13 | distance | distance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 times | nmod:unmarked |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 needs | punct |
| 15 | so | so | ADV | _ | 21 needs | advmod |
| 16 | at | at | ADP | _ | 19 speed | case |
| 17 | half | half | DET | NumForm=Word NumType=Frac PronType=Ind | 19 speed | det:predet |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 speed | det |
| 19 | speed | speed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 needs | obl |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 needs | nsubj |
| 21 | needs | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 needs | parataxis |
| 22 | only | only | ADV | _ | 25 quarter | advmod |
| 23 | about | about | ADV | _ | 25 quarter | advmod |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 quarter | det |
| 25 | quarter | quarter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 needs | obj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 needs | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | need | present | a car | the speed | time | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot | |||
| 2 | need | present | car | a quarter | half speed | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot quarter=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:044-olympiad-speed-space-and-seasons.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/44-olympiad-speed-space-and-seasons/7/