Pushes and pulls all around us, sentence 14
A force can change something's shape as well as its speed, as when you squeeze a sponge; let go, and the sponge springs back and sucks air back into its holes.
Who acts: force, you, sponge · What happens: change, squeeze, let, go, spring back, suck back · To what, where: shape, sponge, air, holes
This is a sentence of the lesson «Pushes and pulls all around us» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (force, you, sponge), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 force | det |
| 2 | force | force | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 change | nsubj |
| 3 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 change | aux |
| 4 | change | change | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 7 shape | nmod:poss |
| 6 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 5 something | case |
| 7 | shape | shape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 change | obj |
| 8 | as | as | ADV | ExtPos=CCONJ | 12 speed | cc |
| 9 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 8 as | fixed |
| 10 | as | as | ADP | _ | 12 speed | case |
| 11 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 speed | nmod:poss |
| 12 | speed | speed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 shape | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 squeeze | punct |
| 14 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 17 squeeze | mark |
| 15 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 17 squeeze | advmod |
| 16 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 17 squeeze | nsubj |
| 17 | squeeze | squeeze | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 change | advcl |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 sponge | det |
| 19 | sponge | sponge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 squeeze | obj |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 let | punct |
| 21 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 4 change | parataxis |
| 22 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 let | xcomp |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 springs | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 springs | cc |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 sponge | det |
| 26 | sponge | sponge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 springs | nsubj |
| 27 | springs | spring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 let | conj |
| 28 | back | back | ADV | _ | 27 springs | advmod |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 sucks | cc |
| 30 | sucks | suck | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 springs | conj |
| 31 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 sucks | obj |
| 32 | back | back | ADV | _ | 30 sucks | advmod |
| 33 | into | into | ADP | _ | 35 holes | case |
| 34 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 holes | nmod:poss |
| 35 | holes | hole | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 sucks | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 change | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | change | can | a force | something's shape as shape's speed | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shape=Patient | ||||
| 2 | squeeze | present | you | a sponge | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sponge=Theme | ||||
| 3 | let | infinitive | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | go | infinitive | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | spring back | present | the sponge | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | suck back | present | the sponge not said here | air | sponge's holes | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent air=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:005-pushes-and-pulls-all-around-us.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/5-pushes-and-pulls-all-around-us/14/