Friction: the grip that stops and helps, sentence 14

Sand and grit on icy paths give shoes and tyres something rough to grip, and salt melts the ice because salty water freezes at a lower temperature.

Who acts: Sand, salt, salty water · What happens: give, grip, melt, freeze · To what, where: shoes, ice, lower temperature

This is a sentence of the lesson «Friction: the grip that stops and helps» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sand, salt, salty water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 give	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 grit	cc
3	grit	grit	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Sand	conj
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 paths	case
5	icy	icy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 paths	amod
6	paths	path	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Sand	nmod
7	give	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	shoes	shoe	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 give	obj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 tyres	cc
10	tyres	tyre	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 shoes	conj
11	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	7 give	obj
12	rough	rough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 something	amod
13	to	to	PART	_	14 grip	mark
14	grip	grip	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 rough	advcl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 melts	punct
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 melts	cc
17	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 melts	nsubj
18	melts	melt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 give	conj
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 ice	det
20	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 melts	obj
21	because	because	SCONJ	_	24 freezes	mark
22	salty	salty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 water	amod
23	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 freezes	nsubj
24	freezes	freeze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 melts	advcl
25	at	at	ADP	_	28 temperature	case
26	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	28 temperature	det
27	lower	low	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	28 temperature	amod
28	temperature	temperature	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 freezes	obl
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 give	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	give	present	Sand on icy paths and grit	shoes and tyres		vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent shoe=Recipient something=Theme
2	grip	to-infinitive	Sand on icy paths and grit not said here			vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	melt	present	salt	the ice		vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient ice=Result
4	freeze	present	salty water		a lower temperature	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:006-friction-the-grip.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/6-friction-the-grip/14/