The news: who makes it and how, sentence 2
A news report tries to say what happened; an opinion says what someone thinks about it; both can be on the same channel, so ask yourself which one you are hearing.
Who acts: news report, opinion, someone, both, you · What happens: try, say, happen, think, be, ask · To what, where: same channel, yourself, one · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The news: who makes it and how» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (news report, opinion, someone, both), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 report | det |
| 2 | news | news | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 report | compound |
| 3 | report | report | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 tries | nsubj |
| 4 | tries | try | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 say | mark |
| 6 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 tries | xcomp |
| 7 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 8 happened | nsubj |
| 8 | happened | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 say | ccomp |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 says | punct |
| 10 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 opinion | det |
| 11 | opinion | opinion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 says | nsubj |
| 12 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 tries | conj |
| 13 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 15 thinks | obj |
| 14 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 15 thinks | nsubj |
| 15 | thinks | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 says | ccomp |
| 16 | about | about | ADP | _ | 17 it | case |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 thinks | obl |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 channel | punct |
| 19 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 25 channel | nsubj |
| 20 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 channel | aux |
| 21 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 25 channel | cop |
| 22 | on | on | ADP | _ | 25 channel | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 channel | det |
| 24 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 channel | amod |
| 25 | channel | channel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 tries | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 ask | punct |
| 27 | so | so | ADV | _ | 28 ask | advmod |
| 28 | ask | ask | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 4 tries | parataxis |
| 29 | yourself | yourself | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 28 ask | obj |
| 30 | which | which | DET | PronType=Int | 31 one | det |
| 31 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 hearing | obj |
| 32 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 34 hearing | nsubj |
| 33 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 hearing | aux |
| 34 | hearing | hear | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 28 ask | ccomp |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 tries | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | try | present | a news report | vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert not said to happen | to-infinitive | a news report not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | happen | past | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | present | a opinion | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | think speech: other | present | someone | about opinion | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot what=Theme | ||||
| 6 | is | can | both | the same channel | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | ask speech: ask | infinitive | yourself | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S»: agent=Agent yourself=Recipient clause=Topic | |||||
| 8 | hear | present · progressive | you | which one | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer one=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:politics:010-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×6, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/10-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how/2/