US elections and the president, as reported, sentence 19
A new president's term starts on Inauguration Day, 20 January, with an oath to "preserve, protect and defend" the Constitution; in 2025 it was reported the ceremony was moved indoors because of the cold.
Who acts: term, new president · What happens: start, preserve, protect, defend, report, move · To what, where: Constitution, term, 2025, ceremony
This is a sentence of the lesson «US elections and the president, as reported» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (term, new president), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 president | det |
| 2 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 president | amod |
| 3 | president | president | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 term | nmod:poss |
| 4 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 3 president | case |
| 5 | term | term | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 starts | nsubj |
| 6 | starts | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | on | on | ADP | _ | 9 Day | case |
| 8 | Inauguration | inauguration | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Day | compound |
| 9 | Day | Day | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 starts | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 20 | punct |
| 11 | 20 | 20 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 9 Day | flat |
| 12 | January | January | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Day | flat |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 oath | punct |
| 14 | with | with | ADP | _ | 16 oath | case |
| 15 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 oath | det |
| 16 | oath | oath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 starts | obl |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 preserve | mark |
| 18 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 preserve | punct |
| 19 | preserve | preserve | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 oath | acl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 protect | punct |
| 21 | protect | protect | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 preserve | conj |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 defend | cc |
| 23 | defend | defend | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 preserve | conj |
| 24 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 26 Constitution | punct |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 Constitution | det |
| 26 | Constitution | Constitution | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 defend | obj |
| 27 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 32 reported | punct |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 2025 | case |
| 29 | 2025 | 2025 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 32 reported | obl |
| 30 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 reported | nsubj:pass |
| 31 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 reported | aux:pass |
| 32 | reported | report | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 starts | parataxis |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 ceremony | det |
| 34 | ceremony | ceremony | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 moved | nsubj |
| 35 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 moved | aux:pass |
| 36 | moved | move | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 32 reported | ccomp |
| 37 | indoors | indoors | ADV | _ | 36 moved | advmod |
| 38 | because | because | ADP | _ | 41 cold | case |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 because | fixed |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 cold | det |
| 41 | cold | cold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 moved | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 starts | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | start | present | a new president's term | on Inauguration Day | with a oath | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with oath=Subeventuality | |||
| 2 | preserve in a quote | to-infinitive | a new president's term not said here | vn defend-72.3 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | protect in a quote | infinitive | a new president's term not said here | vn defend-72.3 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | defend in a quote | infinitive | a new president's term not said here | the Constitution | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent constitution=Beneficiary | ||||
| 5 | report | past · passive | term | 2025 | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: subject=Theme clause=Attribute | ||||
| 6 | move | past · passive | the ceremony | because the cold; indoors property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 7 | term | a new president | nom term «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:politics:016-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported.lesson:19.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/16-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported/19/