US elections and the president, as reported, sentence 20
The two big parties are the Democrats, who often favour more government help and rules, and the Republicans, who often favour lower taxes and smaller government; other parties almost never win the big races.
Who acts: Democrats, Republicans, other parties · What happens: be, favour, not win · To what, where: Democrats, more government help, lower taxes, big races
This is a sentence of the lesson «US elections and the president, as reported» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Democrats, Republicans, other parties), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 parties | det |
| 2 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 parties | nummod |
| 3 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 parties | amod |
| 4 | parties | party | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 5 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 Democrats | cop |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Democrats | det |
| 7 | Democrats | Democrat | PROPN | Number=Plur | 4 parties | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 favour | punct |
| 9 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 favour | nsubj |
| 10 | often | often | ADV | _ | 11 favour | advmod |
| 11 | favour | favour | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 Democrats | acl:relcl |
| 12 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 14 help | amod |
| 13 | government | government | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 help | compound |
| 14 | help | help | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 favour | obj |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 rules | cc |
| 16 | rules | rule | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 help | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 Republicans | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 Republicans | cc |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 Republicans | det |
| 20 | Republicans | Republican | PROPN | Number=Plur | 7 Democrats | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 favour | punct |
| 22 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 24 favour | nsubj |
| 23 | often | often | ADV | _ | 24 favour | advmod |
| 24 | favour | favour | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 Republicans | acl:relcl |
| 25 | lower | low | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 26 taxes | amod |
| 26 | taxes | tax | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 favour | obj |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 government | cc |
| 28 | smaller | small | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 29 government | amod |
| 29 | government | government | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 taxes | conj |
| 30 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 35 win | punct |
| 31 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 parties | amod |
| 32 | parties | party | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 win | nsubj |
| 33 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 34 never | advmod |
| 34 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 35 win | advmod |
| 35 | win | win | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 parties | parataxis |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 races | det |
| 37 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 races | amod |
| 38 | races | race | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 win | obj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 35 win | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the Democrats and the Republicans | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | favour | present | the Democrats and the Republicans | more government help and rules | often property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | favour | present | the Republicans | lower taxes and smaller government | often property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | not win | present | other parties | the big races | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent race=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:politics:016-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported.lesson:20.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
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