Olympiad: fair votes, close counts and who decides ★★★, sentence 7
When votes are won group by group, as in the US Electoral College, a candidate can win the most groups with fewer votes in total; this has happened in some US presidential elections, and people disagree whether it is fair.
Who acts: candidate, this, people, group · What happens: win, happen, disagree, be · To what, where: votes, most groups, US presidential elections
This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: fair votes, close counts and who decides ★★★» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (candidate, this, people, group), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | SCONJ | _ | 4 won | mark |
| 2 | votes | vote | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 won | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 won | aux:pass |
| 4 | won | win | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 win | advcl |
| 5 | group | group | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 won | obl:unmarked |
| 6 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 group | case |
| 7 | group | group | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 group | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 won | punct |
| 9 | as | as | ADP | _ | 14 College | case |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 College | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 College | det |
| 12 | US | US | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 College | compound |
| 13 | Electoral | Electoral | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 College | compound |
| 14 | College | College | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 win | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 win | punct |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 candidate | det |
| 17 | candidate | candidate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 win | nsubj |
| 18 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 win | aux |
| 19 | win | win | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 groups | det |
| 21 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 22 groups | amod |
| 22 | groups | group | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 win | obj |
| 23 | with | with | ADP | _ | 25 votes | case |
| 24 | fewer | few | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 25 votes | amod |
| 25 | votes | vote | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 groups | nmod |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 total | case |
| 27 | total | total | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 votes | nmod |
| 28 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 happened | punct |
| 29 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 31 happened | nsubj |
| 30 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 happened | aux |
| 31 | happened | happen | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 19 win | parataxis |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 36 elections | case |
| 33 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 36 elections | det |
| 34 | US | US | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 elections | compound |
| 35 | presidential | presidential | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 elections | amod |
| 36 | elections | election | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 happened | obl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 disagree | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 disagree | cc |
| 39 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 disagree | nsubj |
| 40 | disagree | disagree | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 win | conj |
| 41 | whether | whether | SCONJ | _ | 44 fair | mark |
| 42 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 44 fair | nsubj |
| 43 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 44 fair | cop |
| 44 | fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 disagree | ccomp |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 19 win | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | win | present · passive | votes | group by group obl:unmarked | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | win | can | a candidate | the most groups | as the US Electoral College; with fewer votes in total | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent group=Eventuality | |||
| 3 | happen | present · perfect | this | some US presidential elections | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in election=Location | ||||
| 4 | disagree | present | people | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | is | present | group | fair property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:politics:041-olympiad-fair-votes-close-counts-and-who-decides.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/41-olympiad-fair-votes-close-counts-and-who-decides/7/