Virtues: honesty, fairness and kindness, sentence 15
Bullying is hurting someone again and again who finds it hard to defend themselves; it is always wrong.
Who acts: Bullying, it · What happens: hurt, find, defend, be · To what, where: someone, Bullying, others
This is a sentence of the lesson «Virtues: honesty, fairness and kindness» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bullying, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bullying | bullying | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 hurting | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 hurting | aux |
| 3 | hurting | hurt | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 19 wrong | csubj |
| 4 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 3 hurting | obj |
| 5 | again | again | ADV | _ | 3 hurting | advmod |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 finds | cc |
| 7 | again | again | ADV | _ | 5 again | conj |
| 8 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 finds | nsubj |
| 9 | finds | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 someone | acl:relcl |
| 10 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 finds | obj |
| 11 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 finds | xcomp |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 defend | mark |
| 13 | defend | defend | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 hard | xcomp |
| 14 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 13 defend | obj |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 3 hurting | punct |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 wrong | nsubj |
| 17 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 wrong | cop |
| 18 | always | always | ADV | _ | 19 wrong | advmod |
| 19 | wrong | wrong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 hurting | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hurt | present · progressive | Bullying | someone | again | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer someone=Patient | |||
| 2 | find | present | Bullying | hard property | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic | ||||
| 3 | defend | to-infinitive | Bullying not said here | others = other | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent themselves=Beneficiary | ||||
| 4 | is | present | it | always, wrong property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:religion-ethics:034-honesty-fairness-and-kindness.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/34-honesty-fairness-and-kindness/15/