How to argue: reasons and evidence, sentence 13
A clarifying question asks what a word or idea means before arguing about it.
Who acts: clarifying question, word · What happens: clarify, ask, mean, argue · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «How to argue: reasons and evidence» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (clarifying question, word), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 question | det |
| 2 | clarifying | clarify | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 question | amod |
| 3 | question | question | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 asks | nsubj |
| 4 | asks | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 10 means | obj |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 word | det |
| 7 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 means | nsubj |
| 8 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 9 idea | cc |
| 9 | idea | idea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 word | conj |
| 10 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 asks | ccomp |
| 11 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 12 arguing | mark |
| 12 | arguing | argue | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 means | advcl |
| 13 | about | about | ADP | _ | 14 it | case |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 arguing | obl |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 asks | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | clarify | gerund | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | present | a clarifying question | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | mean | present | a word or idea | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic | |||||
| 4 | argue speech: disagree | gerund | a word or idea not said here | about question | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V PP.theme S»: agent=Agent about it=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:religion-ethics:039-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence/13/