How to argue: reasons and evidence, sentence 19
The Bible (1 Peter 3:15) asks Christians to be ready to give a reason for their hope, with gentleness and respect.
Who acts: Bible, reasons · What happens: ask, be, give, hope · To what, where: Christians, reason
This is a sentence of the lesson «How to argue: reasons and evidence» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bible, reasons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Bible | det |
| 2 | Bible | Bible | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 asks | nsubj |
| 3 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 5 Peter | punct |
| 4 | 1 | 1 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 5 Peter | nummod |
| 5 | Peter | Peter | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Bible | appos |
| 6 | 3:15 | 3:15 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 5 Peter | flat |
| 7 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 5 Peter | punct |
| 8 | asks | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | Christians | Christian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 8 asks | obj |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 ready | mark |
| 11 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 12 ready | cop |
| 12 | ready | ready | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 asks | xcomp |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 give | mark |
| 14 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 ready | xcomp |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 reason | det |
| 16 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 give | obj |
| 17 | for | for | ADP | _ | 19 hope | case |
| 18 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 hope | nmod:poss |
| 19 | hope | hope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 reason | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 gentleness | punct |
| 21 | with | with | ADP | _ | 22 gentleness | case |
| 22 | gentleness | gentleness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 give | obl |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 respect | cc |
| 24 | respect | respect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 gentleness | conj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 asks | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | present | the Bible | Christians | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent christian=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | is not said to happen | to-infinitive | the Bible not said here | ready property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | give | to-infinitive | the Bible not said here | a reason | for reasons's hope; with gentleness and respect | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent reason=Theme for hope=Asset | |||
| 4 | hope | reasons = reason | nom hope «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:religion-ethics:039-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence.lesson:19.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence/19/