Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, sentence 1
Sarah laughed when told she would have a son in old age, but Isaac, whose name means "he laughs", was born; Abraham also welcomed three strangers with food and rest, who turned out to be God's messengers.
Who acts: Sarah, name, Abraham, three strangers · What happens: laugh, tell, have, means, bear, welcome · To what, where: son, old age, Isaac, three strangers, messengers · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Abraham, Isaac and Jacob» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sarah, name, Abraham, three strangers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sarah | Sarah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 laughed | nsubj |
| 2 | laughed | laugh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 4 told | mark |
| 4 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 laughed | advcl |
| 5 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 have | nsubj |
| 6 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 7 have | aux |
| 7 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 told | ccomp |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 son | det |
| 9 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 have | obj |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 age | case |
| 11 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 age | amod |
| 12 | age | age | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 have | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 born | punct |
| 14 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 15 Isaac | cc |
| 15 | Isaac | Isaac | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 born | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 laughs | punct |
| 17 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 18 name | nmod:poss |
| 18 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 means | nsubj |
| 19 | means | means | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 Isaac | acl:relcl |
| 20 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 laughs | punct |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 laughs | nsubj |
| 22 | laughs | laugh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 means | ccomp |
| 23 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 laughs | punct |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 laughs | punct |
| 25 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 born | aux:pass |
| 26 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 laughed | advcl |
| 27 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 welcomed | punct |
| 28 | Abraham | Abraham | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 welcomed | nsubj |
| 29 | also | also | ADV | _ | 30 welcomed | advmod |
| 30 | welcomed | welcome | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 laughed | parataxis |
| 31 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 32 strangers | nummod |
| 32 | strangers | stranger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 welcomed | obj |
| 33 | with | with | ADP | _ | 34 food | case |
| 34 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 strangers | nmod |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 rest | cc |
| 36 | rest | rest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 food | conj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 turned | punct |
| 38 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 39 turned | nsubj |
| 39 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 strangers | acl:relcl |
| 40 | out | out | ADP | _ | 39 turned | compound:prt |
| 41 | to | to | PART | _ | 45 messengers | mark |
| 42 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 45 messengers | cop |
| 43 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 messengers | nmod:poss |
| 44 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 43 God | case |
| 45 | messengers | messenger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 turned | xcomp |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 laughed | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | laugh | past | Sarah | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | participle | Sarah not said here | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | have | would | Sarah | a son | in old age | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient | |||
| 4 | means | present | name | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | laugh in a quote | present | name | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | bear | past · passive | Isaac | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 7 | welcome | past | Abraham | three strangers | with food and rest | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stranger=Theme | |||
| 8 | turn out | past | three strangers | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 9 | is a | to-infinitive | three strangers not said here | God's messengers | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:religion-ethics:004-abraham-isaac-and-jacob.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/4-abraham-isaac-and-jacob/1/