Sharing and fairness, sentence 3
Christians believe God gives gifts to share; the first Christians shared what they had so that no one was in need (Acts 4:32-35), and Jesus praised a poor widow who gave two small coins.
Who acts: Christians, God, first Christians, one, Jesus, poor widow · What happens: believe, give, share, have, be, praise · To what, where: gifts, need, poor widow, two small coins
This is a sentence of the lesson «Sharing and fairness» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Christians, God, first Christians, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Christians | Christian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 2 believe | nsubj |
| 2 | believe | believe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 gives | parataxis |
| 3 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 gives | nsubj |
| 4 | gives | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | gifts | gift | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 gives | obj |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 share | mark |
| 7 | share | share | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 gifts | acl |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 shared | punct |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Christians | det |
| 10 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 11 Christians | amod |
| 11 | Christians | Christian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 12 shared | nsubj |
| 12 | shared | share | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 gives | parataxis |
| 13 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 15 had | obj |
| 14 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 had | nsubj |
| 15 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 shared | ccomp |
| 16 | so | so | SCONJ | _ | 22 need | mark |
| 17 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 16 so | fixed |
| 18 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 19 one | det |
| 19 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 need | nsubj |
| 20 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 need | cop |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 need | case |
| 22 | need | need | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 had | advcl |
| 23 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 24 Acts | punct |
| 24 | Acts | act | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 need | appos |
| 25 | 4:32-35 | 4:32-35 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 24 Acts | flat |
| 26 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 24 Acts | punct |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 praised | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 praised | cc |
| 29 | Jesus | Jesus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 praised | nsubj |
| 30 | praised | praise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 gives | conj |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 widow | det |
| 32 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 widow | amod |
| 33 | widow | widow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 praised | obj |
| 34 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 35 gave | nsubj |
| 35 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 widow | acl:relcl |
| 36 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 38 coins | nummod |
| 37 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 coins | amod |
| 38 | coins | coin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 gave | obj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 believe | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | believe | present | Christians | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | give | present | God | gifts | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gift=Theme | ||||
| 3 | share | to-infinitive | God not said here | gifts not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | share | past | the first Christians | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | have | past | Christians = christian | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Patient | |||||
| 6 | is | past | no one | need | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | praise | past | Jesus | a poor widow | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent widow=Theme | ||||
| 8 | give | past | a poor widow | two small coins | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coin=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:religion-ethics:043-sharing-and-fairness.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/43-sharing-and-fairness/3/