Keeping promises, sentence 9
"Like a broken tooth or a lame foot is reliance on the unfaithful in a time of trouble" (Proverbs 25:19); children who see promises broken again and again learn not to hope.
Who acts: broken tooth, children, promises · What happens: break, be, see, learn, not hope · To what, where: reliance, unfaithful, promises · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Keeping promises» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (broken tooth, children, promises), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 reliance | punct |
| 2 | Like | like | ADP | _ | 5 tooth | case |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 tooth | det |
| 4 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 tooth | amod |
| 5 | tooth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 reliance | nsubj |
| 6 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 9 foot | cc |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 foot | det |
| 8 | lame | lame | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 foot | amod |
| 9 | foot | foot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 tooth | conj |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 reliance | cop |
| 11 | reliance | reliance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 see | parataxis |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 unfaithful | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 unfaithful | det |
| 14 | unfaithful | unfaithful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 reliance | nmod |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 time | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 time | det |
| 17 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 tooth | nmod |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 trouble | case |
| 19 | trouble | trouble | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 time | nmod |
| 20 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 trouble | punct |
| 21 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 22 Proverbs | punct |
| 22 | Proverbs | proverb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 trouble | appos |
| 23 | 25:19 | 25:19 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 22 Proverbs | flat |
| 24 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 22 Proverbs | punct |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 26 children | punct |
| 26 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 learn | nsubj |
| 27 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 see | nsubj |
| 28 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 children | acl:relcl |
| 29 | promises | promise | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 see | obj |
| 30 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 see | xcomp |
| 31 | again | again | ADV | _ | 30 broken | advmod |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 learn | cc |
| 33 | again | again | ADV | _ | 34 learn | advmod |
| 34 | learn | learn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 35 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 37 hope | advmod |
| 36 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 hope | mark |
| 37 | hope | hope | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 learn | xcomp |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 34 learn | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=narrator
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | break in a quote | participle | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 2 | is a in a quote | present | a broken tooth in a time of trouble or a lame foot | reliance | the unfaithful | tree rules | |||
| 3 | see | present | children | promises | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | break | participle | promises not said here | again | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 5 | learn | infinitive | children | again | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 6 | not hope | to-infinitive | children not said here | vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:religion-ethics:086-keeping-promises.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/86-keeping-promises/9/