The Sun, our star, sentence 11
The Sun's visible surface, the photosphere, is about 5,500 degrees Celsius, but its thin outer atmosphere, the corona, is over a million degrees; exactly why the corona is so hot is still being studied.
Who acts: visible surface, thin outer atmosphere, corona · What happens: be, study · To what, where: 5,500 degrees, million degrees
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Sun, our star» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (visible surface, thin outer atmosphere, corona), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Sun | det |
| 2 | Sun | Sun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 surface | nmod:poss |
| 3 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 2 Sun | case |
| 4 | visible | visible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 surface | amod |
| 5 | surface | surface | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 degrees | nsubj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 photosphere | punct |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 photosphere | det |
| 8 | photosphere | photosphere | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 surface | appos |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 surface | punct |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 degrees | cop |
| 11 | about | about | ADV | _ | 12 5,500 | advmod |
| 12 | 5,500 | 5,500 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 13 degrees | nummod |
| 13 | degrees | degree | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 14 | Celsius | Celsius | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 degrees | nmod:unmarked |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 degrees | punct |
| 16 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 29 degrees | cc |
| 17 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 atmosphere | nmod:poss |
| 18 | thin | thin | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 atmosphere | amod |
| 19 | outer | outer | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 atmosphere | amod |
| 20 | atmosphere | atmosphere | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 degrees | nsubj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 corona | punct |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 corona | det |
| 23 | corona | corona | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 atmosphere | appos |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 atmosphere | punct |
| 25 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 degrees | cop |
| 26 | over | over | ADV | _ | 28 million | advmod |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 million | det |
| 28 | million | million | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 29 degrees | nummod |
| 29 | degrees | degree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 degrees | conj |
| 30 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 13 degrees | punct |
| 31 | exactly | exactly | ADV | _ | 32 why | advmod |
| 32 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 37 hot | advmod |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 corona | det |
| 34 | corona | corona | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 hot | nsubj |
| 35 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 hot | cop |
| 36 | so | so | ADV | _ | 37 hot | advmod |
| 37 | hot | hot | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 studied | advcl |
| 38 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 41 studied | aux |
| 39 | still | still | ADV | _ | 41 studied | advmod |
| 40 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 41 studied | aux:pass |
| 41 | studied | study | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 degrees | parataxis |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 degrees | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the Sun's visible surface | 5,500 degrees but million degrees | Celsius nmod:unmarked | tree rules | |||
| 2 | is a | present | Sun's thin outer atmosphere | million degrees | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | is | present | the corona | hot property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | study | present · progressive · passive | still | vn learn-14-1 «NP V» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:space:001-the-sun-our-star.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/1-the-sun-our-star/11/