The Sun, our star, sentence 15
The Earth's magnetic field shields us from most of the solar wind, and particles leaking in near the poles make the aurora, the northern and southern lights; near solar maximum, as in 2024, aurorae were seen much further from the poles than usual, even in England.
Who acts: magnetic field, particles · What happens: shield, leak, make, see · To what, where: us, most, poles, aurora, aurorae, solar maximum
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Sun, our star» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (magnetic field, particles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Earth | det |
| 2 | Earth | Earth | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 field | nmod:poss |
| 3 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 2 Earth | case |
| 4 | magnetic | magnetic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 field | amod |
| 5 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 shields | nsubj |
| 6 | shields | shield | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 shields | obj |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 most | case |
| 9 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 6 shields | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 wind | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 wind | det |
| 12 | solar | solar | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 wind | amod |
| 13 | wind | wind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 most | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 particles | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 particles | cc |
| 16 | particles | particle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 shields | conj |
| 17 | leaking | leak | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 16 particles | acl |
| 18 | in | in | ADV | _ | 17 leaking | advmod |
| 19 | near | near | ADP | _ | 22 make | mark |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 poles | det |
| 21 | poles | pole | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 leaking | obl |
| 22 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 shields | conj |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 aurora | det |
| 24 | aurora | aurora | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 make | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 lights | punct |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 lights | det |
| 27 | northern | northern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 lights | amod |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 southern | cc |
| 29 | southern | southern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 northern | conj |
| 30 | lights | light | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 aurora | conj |
| 31 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 34 maximum | punct |
| 32 | near | near | ADP | _ | 34 maximum | case |
| 33 | solar | solar | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 maximum | amod |
| 34 | maximum | maximum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 seen | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 2024 | punct |
| 36 | as | as | ADP | _ | 38 2024 | case |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 38 2024 | case |
| 38 | 2024 | 2024 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 34 maximum | obl |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 2024 | punct |
| 40 | aurorae | aurorae | X | Foreign=Yes | 42 seen | nsubj:pass |
| 41 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 42 seen | aux:pass |
| 42 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 shields | conj |
| 43 | much | much | ADV | _ | 44 further | advmod |
| 44 | further | far | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 42 seen | advmod |
| 45 | from | from | ADP | _ | 47 poles | case |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 poles | det |
| 47 | poles | pole | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 further | obl |
| 48 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 49 usual | mark |
| 49 | usual | usual | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 further | advcl |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 53 England | punct |
| 51 | even | even | ADV | _ | 53 England | advmod |
| 52 | in | in | ADP | _ | 53 England | case |
| 53 | England | England | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 seen | obl |
| 54 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 shields | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shield | present | the Earth's magnetic field | us | most of the solar wind | tree rules | |||
| 2 | leak | gerund | particles not said here | the poles | vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source | ||||
| 3 | make | present | the Earth's magnetic field not said here | the aurora and the northern lights | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset aurora=Product | ||||
| 4 | see | past · passive | aurorae | solar maximum | in England; far property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:space:001-the-sun-our-star.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×5, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/1-the-sun-our-star/15/