Pluto, the Kuiper belt, the Oort cloud and comets, sentence 0
Beyond Neptune lies the Kuiper belt, a huge ring of icy bodies, and Pluto is one of the biggest of them, which is why it was called a dwarf planet in 2006: it shares its path with many similar objects.
Who acts: Kuiper belt, Pluto, belt · What happens: lie, be, call, share · To what, where: Neptune, one, belt, 2006, path · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Pluto, the Kuiper belt, the Oort cloud and comets» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kuiper belt, Pluto, belt), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Beyond | beyond | ADP | _ | 2 Neptune | case |
| 2 | Neptune | Neptune | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 lies | obl |
| 3 | lies | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 belt | det |
| 5 | Kuiper | Kuiper | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 belt | compound |
| 6 | belt | belt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lies | nsubj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 ring | punct |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 ring | det |
| 9 | huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 ring | amod |
| 10 | ring | ring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 belt | appos |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 bodies | case |
| 12 | icy | icy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 bodies | amod |
| 13 | bodies | body | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 ring | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 one | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 one | cc |
| 16 | Pluto | Pluto | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 one | nsubj |
| 17 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 one | cop |
| 18 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 lies | conj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 biggest | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 biggest | det |
| 21 | biggest | big | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 18 one | nmod |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 them | case |
| 23 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 biggest | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 why | punct |
| 25 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 27 why | nsubj |
| 26 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 why | cop |
| 27 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 30 called | advmod |
| 28 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 called | nsubj:pass |
| 29 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 called | aux:pass |
| 30 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 belt | acl |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 planet | det |
| 32 | dwarf | dwarf | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 planet | amod |
| 33 | planet | planet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 called | xcomp |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 2006 | case |
| 35 | 2006 | 2006 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 30 called | obl |
| 36 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 38 shares | punct |
| 37 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 shares | nsubj |
| 38 | shares | share | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 lies | parataxis |
| 39 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 40 path | nmod:poss |
| 40 | path | path | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 shares | obj |
| 41 | with | with | ADP | _ | 44 objects | case |
| 42 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 objects | amod |
| 43 | similar | similar | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 objects | amod |
| 44 | objects | object | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 shares | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 lies | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lie | present | the Kuiper belt | Neptune | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent beyond neptune=Location | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | Pluto | one | of the biggest | tree rules | |||
| 3 | is | present | why property | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | call | past · passive | belt | 2006 | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | ||||
| 5 | share | present | belt | belt's path | with many similar objects | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:space:015-pluto-the-kuiper-belt-the-oort-cloud-and-comets.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/15-pluto-the-kuiper-belt-the-oort-cloud-and-comets/0/