Pluto, the Kuiper belt, the Oort cloud and comets, sentence 1
When New Horizons flew past in 2015, Pluto turned out to be a lively world with a heart-shaped plain of nitrogen ice, mountains of water ice and a thin blue haze.
Who acts: New Horizons, Pluto · What happens: fly, turn out, be, shape · To what, where: 2015, lively world
This is a sentence of the lesson «Pluto, the Kuiper belt, the Oort cloud and comets» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (New Horizons, Pluto), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | SCONJ | _ | 4 flew | mark |
| 2 | New | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 Horizons | amod |
| 3 | Horizons | Horizons | PROPN | Number=Plur | 4 flew | nsubj |
| 4 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 turned | advcl |
| 5 | past | past | ADV | _ | 4 flew | advmod |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 2015 | case |
| 7 | 2015 | 2015 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 4 flew | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 flew | punct |
| 9 | Pluto | Pluto | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 turned | nsubj |
| 10 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | out | out | ADP | _ | 10 turned | compound:prt |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 world | mark |
| 13 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 16 world | cop |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 world | det |
| 15 | lively | lively | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 world | amod |
| 16 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 turned | xcomp |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 22 plain | case |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 plain | det |
| 19 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 shaped | compound |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 heart | punct |
| 21 | shaped | shape | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 plain | amod |
| 22 | plain | plain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 world | nmod |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 ice | case |
| 24 | nitrogen | nitrogen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 ice | compound |
| 25 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 plain | nmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 mountains | punct |
| 27 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 plain | conj |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 ice | case |
| 29 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 ice | compound |
| 30 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 mountains | nmod |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 haze | cc |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 haze | det |
| 33 | thin | thin | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 haze | amod |
| 34 | blue | blue | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 haze | amod |
| 35 | haze | haze | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 plain | conj |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 turned | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fly | past | New Horizons | 2015 | past property | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent in 2015=Location | |||
| 2 | turn out | past | Pluto | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | is a | to-infinitive | Pluto not said here | a lively world | with a shaped plain of nitrogen ice and mountains of water ice and a thin blue haze | tree rules | |||
| 4 | shape | participle | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:space:015-pluto-the-kuiper-belt-the-oort-cloud-and-comets.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/15-pluto-the-kuiper-belt-the-oort-cloud-and-comets/1/