Pluto, the Kuiper belt, the Oort cloud and comets, sentence 5
Pluto was discovered in 1930 by Clyde Tombaugh, a young American astronomer, by comparing photographs of the sky taken days apart.
Who acts: Clyde · What happens: discover, compare, take · To what, where: Pluto, 1930, photographs
This is a sentence of the lesson «Pluto, the Kuiper belt, the Oort cloud and comets» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Clyde), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Pluto | Pluto | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 discovered | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 discovered | aux:pass |
| 3 | discovered | discover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 1930 | case |
| 5 | 1930 | 1930 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 discovered | obl |
| 6 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 Clyde | case |
| 7 | Clyde | Clyde | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 discovered | obl:agent |
| 8 | Tombaugh | Tombaugh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Clyde | flat |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 astronomer | punct |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 astronomer | det |
| 11 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 astronomer | amod |
| 12 | American | American | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 astronomer | amod |
| 13 | astronomer | astronomer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 Tombaugh | appos |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 comparing | punct |
| 15 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 16 comparing | mark |
| 16 | comparing | compare | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 discovered | advcl |
| 17 | photographs | photograph | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 comparing | obj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 sky | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 sky | det |
| 20 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 photographs | nmod |
| 21 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 photographs | acl |
| 22 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 apart | obl:unmarked |
| 23 | apart | apart | ADV | _ | 21 taken | advmod |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 discovered | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | discover | past · passive | Clyde | Pluto | 1930 | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic | |||
| 2 | compare | gerund | Clyde not said here | photographs of the sky | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent photograph=Patient | ||||
| 3 | take | participle | photographs of the sky not said here | apart property | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:space:015-pluto-the-kuiper-belt-the-oort-cloud-and-comets.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/15-pluto-the-kuiper-belt-the-oort-cloud-and-comets/5/