Stars: what they are, sentence 15

Many bright stars have Arabic names, such as Aldebaran, Betelgeuse and Altair, because medieval astronomers in the Islamic world kept and improved Greek star catalogues.

Who acts: Many bright stars, medieval astronomers · What happens: have, keep, improve · To what, where: Arabic names, Greek star catalogues

This is a sentence of the lesson «Stars: what they are» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many bright stars, medieval astronomers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 stars	amod
2	bright	bright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 stars	amod
3	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 have	nsubj
4	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	Arabic	Arabic	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 names	compound
6	names	name	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 have	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 Aldebaran	punct
8	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	10 Aldebaran	case
9	as	as	ADP	_	8 such	fixed
10	Aldebaran	Aldebaran	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 names	nmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 Betelgeuse	punct
12	Betelgeuse	Betelgeuse	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 Aldebaran	conj
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 Altair	cc
14	Altair	Altair	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 Aldebaran	conj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 have	punct
16	because	because	SCONJ	_	23 kept	mark
17	medieval	medieval	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 astronomers	amod
18	astronomers	astronomer	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 kept	nsubj
19	in	in	ADP	_	22 world	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 world	det
21	Islamic	Islamic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 world	amod
22	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 astronomers	nmod
23	kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 have	advcl
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 improved	cc
25	improved	improve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 kept	conj
26	Greek	Greek	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 catalogues	amod
27	star	star	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 catalogues	compound
28	catalogues	catalogue	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 improved	obj
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 have	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	have	present	Many bright stars	Arabic names	such Aldebaran and Betelgeuse and Altair	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Patient
2	keep	past	medieval astronomers in the Islamic world			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	improve	past	medieval astronomers in the Islamic world not said here	Greek star catalogues		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent catalogue=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:space:017-stars-what-they-are.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/17-stars-what-they-are/15/