Stars: what they are, sentence 4

Most stars in our galaxy are dim red dwarfs, too faint to see with the naked eye, and many stars come in pairs or groups, like Sirius, the brightest star of the night, and its tiny white dwarf partner.

Who acts: Most stars, many stars · What happens: be, see, come · To what, where: dim red dwarfs, pairs

This is a sentence of the lesson «Stars: what they are» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Most stars, many stars), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	2 stars	amod
2	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 dwarfs	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 galaxy	case
4	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 galaxy	nmod:poss
5	galaxy	galaxy	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 stars	nmod
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 dwarfs	cop
7	dim	dim	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 dwarfs	amod
8	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 dwarfs	amod
9	dwarfs	dwarf	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 faint	punct
11	too	too	ADV	_	12 faint	advmod
12	faint	faint	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 dwarfs	acl
13	to	to	PART	_	14 see	mark
14	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 faint	advcl
15	with	with	ADP	_	18 eye	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 eye	det
17	naked	naked	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 eye	amod
18	eye	eye	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 see	obl
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 come	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 come	cc
21	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 stars	amod
22	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 come	nsubj
23	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 dwarfs	conj
24	in	in	ADP	_	25 pairs	case
25	pairs	pair	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 come	obl
26	or	or	CCONJ	_	27 groups	cc
27	groups	group	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 pairs	conj
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 Sirius	punct
29	like	like	ADP	_	30 Sirius	case
30	Sirius	Sirius	PROPN	Number=Sing	25 pairs	nmod
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 star	punct
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 star	det
33	brightest	bright	ADJ	Degree=Sup	34 star	amod
34	star	star	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 Sirius	appos
35	of	of	ADP	_	37 night	case
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	37 night	det
37	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 star	nmod
38	,	,	PUNCT	_	44 partner	punct
39	and	and	CCONJ	_	44 partner	cc
40	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	44 partner	nmod:poss
41	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	44 partner	amod
42	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	44 partner	amod
43	dwarf	dwarf	ADJ	Degree=Pos	44 partner	amod
44	partner	partner	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 Sirius	conj
45	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 dwarfs	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Most stars in our galaxy	dim red dwarfs			tree rules
2	see	to-infinitive	Most stars in our galaxy not said here			with the naked eye	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
3	come	present	many stars		pairs like Sirius and star's tiny white dwarf partner or groups		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in pair=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:space:017-stars-what-they-are.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/17-stars-what-they-are/4/