How stars die, sentence 1

Then it gently puffs off its outer layers as a glowing shell, a planetary nebula, and what is left is a white dwarf: about the size of the Earth but so packed that a teaspoon of it would weigh more than a car.

Who acts: Sun, teaspoon · What happens: puff off, glow, leave, be, pack, weigh · To what, where: outer layers, white dwarf, more

This is a sentence of the lesson «How stars die» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sun, teaspoon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 puffs	advmod
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 puffs	nsubj
3	gently	gently	ADV	_	4 puffs	advmod
4	puffs	puff	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	off	off	ADP	_	4 puffs	compound:prt
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 layers	nmod:poss
7	outer	outer	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 layers	amod
8	layers	layer	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 puffs	obj
9	as	as	ADP	_	12 shell	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 shell	det
11	glowing	glow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	12 shell	amod
12	shell	shell	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 puffs	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 nebula	punct
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 nebula	det
15	planetary	planetary	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 nebula	amod
16	nebula	nebula	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 shell	appos
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 dwarf	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 dwarf	cc
19	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	25 dwarf	nsubj
20	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 left	aux:pass
21	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	19 what	acl:relcl
22	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 dwarf	cop
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 dwarf	det
24	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 dwarf	amod
25	dwarf	dwarf	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 puffs	conj
26	:	:	PUNCT	_	29 size	punct
27	about	about	ADV	_	29 size	advmod
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 size	det
29	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 dwarf	appos
30	of	of	ADP	_	32 Earth	case
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	32 Earth	det
32	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	29 size	nmod
33	but	but	CCONJ	_	35 packed	cc
34	so	so	ADV	_	35 packed	advmod
35	packed	pack	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 puffs	conj
36	that	that	SCONJ	_	42 weigh	mark
37	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	38 teaspoon	det
38	teaspoon	teaspoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 weigh	nsubj
39	of	of	ADP	_	40 it	case
40	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	38 teaspoon	nmod
41	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	42 weigh	aux
42	weigh	weigh	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	35 packed	ccomp
43	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	42 weigh	obj
44	than	than	ADP	_	46 car	case
45	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	46 car	det
46	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 more	obl
47	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 puffs	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	puff off	present	Sun	Sun's outer layers	then	as a glowing shell; gently property	vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location layer=Source
2	glow	gerund					vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	leave	present · passive					vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»
4	is a	present		a white dwarf			tree rules
5	pack	past	Sun not said here				tree rules
6	weigh	would	a teaspoon of Sun	more			vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme more=Value

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:space:019-how-stars-die.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×4. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/19-how-stars-die/1/