Telescopes and light, sentence 4
In 1609-1610 Galileo's homemade telescope showed moons going round Jupiter; today giant mirrors and dishes see galaxies near the edge of the visible universe.
Who acts: homemade telescope, moons, giant mirrors · What happens: show, go, see · To what, where: moons, Jupiter, galaxies, edge
This is a sentence of the lesson «Telescopes and light» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (homemade telescope, moons, giant mirrors), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 1609-1610 | case |
| 2 | 1609-1610 | 1609-1610 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 7 showed | obl |
| 3 | Galileo | Galileo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 telescope | nmod:poss |
| 4 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 3 Galileo | case |
| 5 | homemade | homemade | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 telescope | amod |
| 6 | telescope | telescope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 showed | nsubj |
| 7 | showed | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | moons | moon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 showed | obj |
| 9 | going | go | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 moons | acl |
| 10 | round | round | ADP | _ | 11 Jupiter | case |
| 11 | Jupiter | Jupiter | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 going | obl |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 mirrors | punct |
| 13 | today | today | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 see | obl:unmarked |
| 14 | giant | giant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 mirrors | amod |
| 15 | mirrors | mirror | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 see | nsubj |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 dishes | cc |
| 17 | dishes | dish | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 mirrors | conj |
| 18 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 showed | parataxis |
| 19 | galaxies | galaxy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 see | obj |
| 20 | near | near | ADP | _ | 22 edge | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 edge | det |
| 22 | edge | edge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 see | obl |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 universe | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 universe | det |
| 25 | visible | visible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 universe | amod |
| 26 | universe | universe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 edge | nmod |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 showed | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show | past | Galileo's homemade telescope | moons | in 1609-1610 | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent moon=Patient in 1609-1610=Topic | |||
| 2 | go | gerund | moons not said here | Jupiter | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme round jupiter=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | see | present | giant mirrors and dishes | galaxies | the edge of the visible universe | today | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer galaxy=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:space:027-telescopes-and-light.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/27-telescopes-and-light/4/