How we know: measuring the sky, sentence 5

Light from a galaxy rushing away is stretched towards red, like a siren dropping its pitch as an ambulance drives off: the bigger the stretch, the faster it goes.

Who acts: galaxy, siren, ambulance · What happens: rush away, stretch, drop, drive off, go · To what, where: Light, pitch, bigger stretch

This is a sentence of the lesson «How we know: measuring the sky» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (galaxy, siren, ambulance), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 stretched	nsubj:pass
2	from	from	ADP	_	4 galaxy	case
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 galaxy	det
4	galaxy	galaxy	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Light	nmod
5	rushing	rush	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 galaxy	acl
6	away	away	ADV	_	5 rushing	advmod
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 stretched	aux:pass
8	stretched	stretch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
9	towards	towards	ADP	_	10 red	case
10	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 stretched	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 dropping	punct
12	like	like	SCONJ	_	15 dropping	mark
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 siren	det
14	siren	siren	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 dropping	nsubj
15	dropping	drop	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 stretched	advcl
16	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 pitch	nmod:poss
17	pitch	pitch	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 dropping	obj
18	as	as	SCONJ	_	21 drives	mark
19	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 ambulance	det
20	ambulance	ambulance	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 drives	nsubj
21	drives	drive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 dropping	advcl
22	off	off	ADP	_	21 drives	compound:prt
23	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 stretched	punct
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 bigger	det
25	bigger	big	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	27 stretch	amod
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 stretch	det
27	stretch	stretch	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 goes	obl
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 stretch	punct
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 faster	det
30	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	32 goes	advmod
31	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 goes	nsubj
32	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 stretched	parataxis
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 stretched	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	rush away	gerund	a galaxy not said here		away property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	stretch	present · passive		Light from a galaxy	towards red	vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Patient towards red=Recipient
3	drop	gerund	a siren	siren's pitch		vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pitch=Theme
4	drive off	present	a ambulance			vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme
5	go	present	ambulance	the bigger stretch	fast property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:space:028-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky.lesson:5.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky/5/