The history of space exploration, sentence 6
On 4 October 1957 the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite (a machine people put in orbit round Earth), a metal ball that beeped radio signals as it orbited.
Who acts: Soviet Union, machine people, metal ball · What happens: launch, put, beep, orbit · To what, where: Sputnik, first artificial satellite, orbit, radio signals, rocket
This is a sentence of the lesson «The history of space exploration» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Soviet Union, machine people, metal ball), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 3 October | case |
| 2 | 4 | 4 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 October | nummod |
| 3 | October | October | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 launched | obl |
| 4 | 1957 | 1957 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 October | flat |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Union | det |
| 6 | Soviet | Soviet | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Union | compound |
| 7 | Union | Union | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 launched | nsubj |
| 8 | launched | launch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | Sputnik | Sputnik | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 launched | obj |
| 10 | 1 | 1 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 9 Sputnik | flat |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 satellite | punct |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 satellite | det |
| 13 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 15 satellite | amod |
| 14 | artificial | artificial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 satellite | amod |
| 15 | satellite | satellite | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 Sputnik | appos |
| 16 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 20 put | punct |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 people | det |
| 18 | machine | machine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 people | compound |
| 19 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 put | nsubj |
| 20 | put | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 satellite | acl |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 orbit | case |
| 22 | orbit | orbit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 put | obl |
| 23 | round | round | ADP | _ | 24 Earth | case |
| 24 | Earth | Earth | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 put | obl |
| 25 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 20 put | punct |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 ball | punct |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 ball | det |
| 28 | metal | metal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 ball | compound |
| 29 | ball | ball | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 Sputnik | appos |
| 30 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 31 beeped | nsubj |
| 31 | beeped | beep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 ball | acl:relcl |
| 32 | radio | radio | NOUN | _ | 33 signals | compound |
| 33 | signals | signal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 beeped | obj |
| 34 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 36 orbited | mark |
| 35 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 orbited | nsubj:pass |
| 36 | orbited | orbit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 beeped | advcl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 launched | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | launch | past | the Soviet Union | Sputnik | october | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sputnik=Theme | |||
| 2 | put | past | a machine people | the first artificial satellite not said here | orbit | round Earth | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent satellite=Theme in orbit=Destination | ||
| 3 | beep | past | a metal ball | radio signals | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location signal=Theme | ||||
| 4 | orbit | past · passive | rocket | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:space:029-the-history-of-space-exploration.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/29-the-history-of-space-exploration/6/