Mercury, sentence 16

A spacecraft falling towards the Sun speeds up, so to stay in orbit round Mercury it must brake hard; it slows itself by flying past planets on the way.

Who acts: spacecraft · What happens: fall, speed up, stay, brake, slow, fly · To what, where: Sun, orbit, spacecraft, way

This is a sentence of the lesson «Mercury» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (spacecraft), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 spacecraft	det
2	spacecraft	spacecraft	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 speeds	nsubj
3	falling	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 spacecraft	acl
4	towards	towards	ADP	_	6 Sun	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Sun	det
6	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 falling	obl
7	speeds	speed	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	up	up	ADP	_	7 speeds	compound:prt
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 stay	punct
10	so	so	ADV	_	12 stay	advmod
11	to	to	PART	_	12 stay	mark
12	stay	stay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 brake	advcl
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 orbit	case
14	orbit	orbit	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 stay	obl
15	round	round	ADP	_	16 Mercury	case
16	Mercury	Mercury	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 stay	obl
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 brake	nsubj
18	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	19 brake	aux
19	brake	brake	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 speeds	parataxis
20	hard	hard	ADV	_	19 brake	advmod
21	;	;	PUNCT	_	23 slows	punct
22	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 slows	nsubj
23	slows	slow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 speeds	parataxis
24	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	23 slows	obj
25	by	by	SCONJ	_	26 flying	mark
26	flying	fly	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	23 slows	advcl
27	past	past	ADP	_	28 planets	case
28	planets	planet	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 flying	obl
29	on	on	ADP	_	31 way	case
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 way	det
31	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 flying	obl
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 speeds	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	fall	gerund	a spacecraft not said here		the Sun		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme towards sun=Initial_Location
2	speed up	present	a spacecraft				vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	stay	to-infinitive	spacecraft not said here		orbit	round Mercury	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in orbit=Location
4	brake	must	spacecraft			hard property	tree rules
5	slow	present	spacecraft	spacecraft			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent itself=Patient
6	fly	gerund	spacecraft not said here		the way	past planets	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on way=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:space:003-mercury.lesson:16.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/3-mercury/16/