Olympiad: stars, light and space history ★★★, sentence 1
The biggest trap is the light year: it is a distance, how far light goes in a year, so light from a star 4 light years away left it 4 years ago, and you see the star as it was then, not as it is now.
Who acts: biggest trap, trap, light, you · What happens: be, go, leave, see · To what, where: light year, distance, trap, star
This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: stars, light and space history ★★★» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (biggest trap, trap, light, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 trap | det |
| 2 | biggest | big | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 3 trap | amod |
| 3 | trap | trap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 year | nsubj |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 year | cop |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 year | det |
| 6 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 year | compound |
| 7 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 distance | punct |
| 9 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 distance | nsubj |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 distance | cop |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 distance | det |
| 12 | distance | distance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 year | parataxis |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 goes | punct |
| 14 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 15 far | advmod |
| 15 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 17 goes | advmod |
| 16 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 goes | nsubj |
| 17 | goes | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 distance | parataxis |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 year | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 year | det |
| 20 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 goes | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 light | punct |
| 22 | so | so | ADV | _ | 23 light | advmod |
| 23 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 left | nsubj |
| 24 | from | from | ADP | _ | 26 star | case |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 star | det |
| 26 | star | star | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 light | nmod |
| 27 | 4 | 4 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 26 star | flat |
| 28 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 years | compound |
| 29 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 away | obl |
| 30 | away | away | ADV | _ | 31 left | advmod |
| 31 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 distance | acl:relcl |
| 32 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 left | obj |
| 33 | 4 | 4 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 34 years | nummod |
| 34 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 ago | obl:unmarked |
| 35 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 31 left | advmod |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 see | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 see | cc |
| 38 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 39 see | nsubj |
| 39 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 left | conj |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 star | det |
| 41 | star | star | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 see | obj |
| 42 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 44 was | mark |
| 43 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 44 was | nsubj |
| 44 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 45 then | cop |
| 45 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 39 see | advmod |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 is | punct |
| 47 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 50 is | advmod |
| 48 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 50 is | mark |
| 49 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 50 is | nsubj |
| 50 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 51 now | cop |
| 51 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 45 then | parataxis |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 year | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the biggest trap | the light year | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | trap | a distance | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | go | present | light | year | far property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 4 | leave | past | light from a star | trap | ago, away property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | |||
| 5 | see | present | you | the star | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer star=Stimulus | ||||
| 6 | is | past | then property | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | is | present | now property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:space:032-olympiad-stars-light-and-space-history.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×5, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/32-olympiad-stars-light-and-space-history/1/