Olympiad: stars, light and space history ★★★, sentence 12
Stars twinkle because moving air bends their light; above the air, as on the International Space Station, they shine steadily.
Who acts: Stars, air · What happens: twinkle, move, bend, shine, light · To what, where: light, air
This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: stars, light and space history ★★★» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Stars, air), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Stars | star | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 twinkle | nsubj |
| 2 | twinkle | twinkle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 6 bends | mark |
| 4 | moving | move | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 air | acl |
| 5 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 bends | nsubj |
| 6 | bends | bend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 twinkle | advcl |
| 7 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 light | nmod:poss |
| 8 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 bends | obj |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 2 twinkle | punct |
| 10 | above | above | ADP | _ | 12 air | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 air | det |
| 12 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 shine | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 Station | punct |
| 14 | as | as | ADP | _ | 19 Station | case |
| 15 | on | on | ADP | _ | 19 Station | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 Station | det |
| 17 | International | International | PROPN | _ | 19 Station | compound |
| 18 | Space | Space | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 Station | compound |
| 19 | Station | Station | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 air | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 shine | punct |
| 21 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 shine | nsubj |
| 22 | shine | shine | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 twinkle | conj |
| 23 | steadily | steadily | ADV | _ | 22 shine | advmod |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 twinkle | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | twinkle | present | Stars | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | move | gerund | air not said here | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | bend | present | air | stars's light | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent light=Material | ||||
| 4 | shine | present | stars = star | the air as the International Space Station | steadily property | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme above air=Location | |||
| 5 | light | stars = star | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:space:032-olympiad-stars-light-and-space-history.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/32-olympiad-stars-light-and-space-history/12/