Asteroids and the asteroid belt, sentence 3

A few asteroids cross the Earth's path, so astronomers track them, and in 2022 NASA's DART spacecraft even knocked a small one onto a new path as a test of defending the Earth.

Who acts: few asteroids, astronomers, DART spacecraft, test · What happens: cross, track, knock, defend · To what, where: path, Asteroids, small one, 2022, Earth

This is a sentence of the lesson «Asteroids and the asteroid belt» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (few asteroids, astronomers, DART spacecraft, test), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 asteroids	det
2	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 asteroids	amod
3	asteroids	asteroid	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 cross	nsubj
4	cross	cross	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Earth	det
6	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 path	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 Earth	case
8	path	path	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cross	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 track	punct
10	so	so	ADV	_	12 track	advmod
11	astronomers	astronomer	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 track	nsubj
12	track	track	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 cross	parataxis
13	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 track	obj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 knocked	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 knocked	cc
16	in	in	ADP	_	17 2022	case
17	2022	2022	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	23 knocked	obl
18	NASA	NASA	PROPN	Number=Sing	21 spacecraft	nmod:poss
19	's	's	PART	_	18 NASA	case
20	DART	dart	PROPN	Number=Sing	21 spacecraft	compound
21	spacecraft	spacecraft	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 knocked	nsubj
22	even	even	ADV	_	23 knocked	advmod
23	knocked	knock	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 track	conj
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 one	det
25	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 one	amod
26	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 knocked	obj
27	onto	onto	ADP	_	30 path	case
28	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	30 path	det
29	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 path	amod
30	path	path	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 knocked	obl
31	as	as	ADP	_	33 test	case
32	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	33 test	det
33	test	test	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 knocked	obl
34	of	of	SCONJ	_	35 defending	mark
35	defending	defend	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	33 test	acl
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	37 Earth	det
37	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	35 defending	obj
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 cross	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	cross	present	a few asteroids	the Earth's path				vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent path=Patient
2	track	present	astronomers	Asteroids = asteroid				vn stalk-35.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme
3	knock	past	NASA's DART spacecraft	a small one		2022	onto a new path; as a test	vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent one=Theme in 2022=Destination
4	defend	gerund	a test not said here		the Earth			vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent earth=Beneficiary

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:space:009-asteroids-and-the-asteroid-belt.lesson:3.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/9-asteroids-and-the-asteroid-belt/3/